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The watershed approach requires the calculation of total maximum daily load of pollutants. Two methods, top-down and bottom-up, have been proposed. In the top-down approach, the TMDL for the entire river basin is determined first. The basinwide TMDL is then allocated to individual point and nonpoint dischargers. In
WARMF, however, we recognize that the waste discharge is confined to the waterway. Each section of the waterway can have its own water quality problem, requiring a TMDL determination. Therefore, WARMF uses a bottom-up approach, in which TMDL calculations are made for a series of control points from the upstream to the downstream of a river basin. A road map is provided for the step-by-step calculation.
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